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Aerobic Gram negative rod
Humans are the reservoir - fecal-oral transmission.
Increased prevalence in developing countries.
Highest prevalence South Asia.
Very high rates of FQ resistance in Indian Subcontinent.
Vaccination only prevents ~75% of disease.
Chronic carriage associated with gallbladder disease.
Routine Practices; however, consider contact precautions for incontinent adults if stool cannot be contained or for adults with poor hygiene who contaminate their environment.
Contact precautions apply to children who are incontinent or unable to comply with hygiene.