Antimicrobials
Ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin

High
Excellent
IV:$ PO:$

General Information

Pseudomonal and other gram negative infections of urinary tract, bone/joint, abdomen, and other sites

For uncomplicated infections consider alternative agents

Laboratory

  • Consider periodic Cr and LFTs with prolonged use

Clinical

  • Hypersensitivity
  • GI effects
  • Drug interactions (warfarin)
  • Prolongation of QT interval (amiodarone)
  • CNS effects
  • Photosensitivity
  • GI effects
  • Arthropathy (especially in pediatric patients)
  • Tendon rupture
  • Prolongation of QT interval
  • CNS effects
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis
  • Association with aortic rupture

CYP inhibitor - multiple interactions possible

QTc prolongation - Increased risk with other agents that prolong QTc

Di- & Trivalent cations including Al, Ca, Fe, Mg (antacids, dairy products, iron supplements, some enteral feeds) - decreased absorption

Cyclosporine - increased levels of cyclosporine

Warfarin - increased INR

Methadone - lowered seizure threshold

Ciprofloxacin is associated with arthropathy and histological changes in weight-bearing joints of juvenile animals and is currently not FDA approved for pediatric use.

Antimicrobial class: Fluoroquinolone

Pregnancy category: C

Average serum half life: 4 hours

Biliary penetration: Therapeutic

CSF penetration: Moderate

Lung penetration: Therapeutic

Urine penetration: Therapeutic